• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a laying plate (1) in particular for predefined flying insect comprising at least two removable elements (3) each comprising at least one well (2) whose volume is configured to receive a nest of said flying insect; said volume being between 80% and 500% of the volume of a laying of said predefined flying insect. The present invention also relates to a nest and a reproduction greenhouse comprising such a spawning plate (1).
    公开号:FR3066360A1
    申请号:FR1763133
    申请日:2017-12-22
    公开日:2018-11-23
    发明作者:Floran Laville；Marc-Antoine Luraschi；Arthur Siau
    申请人:Cycle Farms；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DECK PLATE FOR FLYING INSECT
    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a laying plate, a nesting box, and a greenhouse for reproducing flying insects.
    STATE OF THE ART
    The breeding of flying insects is more and more used, as well in the field of bioconversion that is to say the production of compost from organic waste, as in the production of proteinaceous materials, or protein flours for human or animal food, and in many other areas.
    In breeding, adult insects are raised in a greenhouse, that is to say a closed volume; the laid eggs are collected for incubation. Incubation can be done in contact with organic waste. Indeed, after hatching, the presence of organic waste promotes the growth of the larvae which will feed on this organic waste. The larvae will thus, along their growth, participate in the degradation of organic waste into compost.
    The recovery of eggs is a crucial and difficult step to implement. Indeed, during this operation, there is a great risk of damaging the eggs to the point of risking their non-hatching or the premature death of the larvae.
    A well-known technique for recovering eggs is to place corrugated cardboard sheets in the greenhouse. Regularly, the sheet is collected and the surface is rubbed or manipulated in order to drop the eggs into a container. The eggs are then dispersed in one or more trays containing organic waste. The eggs hatch and the larvae grow in these tanks at a very poor egg recovery yield (recovered eggs / laid eggs).
    In addition, this method requires several successive manipulations of the eggs. The eggs are handled when the eggs are detached from the surface of the sheet, when the eggs fall into a container, and also when the eggs are transferred from the container to a growth tank. Each of these manipulations represents a danger for the survival of the eggs, so that only a small percentage of the laid eggs will finally be able to hatch, which adversely affects the production yield of the larvae.
    International patent application WO2015 / 023178 describes a cage for the reproduction of insects. This cage includes a device for depositing eggs, which may include an element in the form of a board comprising holes or crevices.
    Also known is patent application US2011 / 174,222 describing a method for the production of Hermetia Illucens flies on a breeding farm. This method uses a reproducing apparatus comprising a plurality of wells.
    A first drawback of the prior art is that it does not allow the number of eggs to be quantified.
    However, the growth tanks contain a certain amount of calories or food for the larvae. If the quantity of larvae is too large, they will not have enough food and their growth will not be optimized. If the quantity of larvae is too low, the larvae, at the end of their growth, will have consumed only a small proportion of organic waste, impacting the production yield of compost or larvae for a volume of waste and a volume of 'fixed installation. These methods do not offer an effective solution for counting eggs or the number of spawning. In addition, the uncertainty about the hatching rate of the eggs, impacted by the manipulations, reinforces the impossibility of knowing the number of larvae which will eventually grow in each tank.
    There is therefore a need to develop a device making it possible to recover the eggs of flying insects, to optimize the hatching rate, and to quantify and rapidly control the quantity of oviposits collected and by extension, the quantity of individuals put in growth. Such a device would positively impact the production of larvae or compost produced by these same larvae from organic waste, and would optimize the amount of organic waste consumed. These elements form the basis of the profitability of industrial insect production systems.
    ABSTRACT
    The present invention relates to a spawning plate for a predefined flying insect comprising at least two removable elements each comprising at least one well, the volume of which is configured to receive a spawning of said flying insect; said volume being between 80% and 500% of the volume of a spawn of said predefined flying insect.
    The volume of this well advantageously allows an egg-laying of a flying insect to fill the well enough to dissuade another flying insect from laying eggs in the same well. Since a laying of a flying insect includes a substantially constant number of eggs on a species, if a well is filled, we are able to know the approximate number of eggs present in this well.
    The removable elements advantageously allow, during the recovery of said egg-laying plate, to separate said egg-laying plate into several pieces which may contain a number of wells filled with a relatively small egg-laying. The advantage is to be able to place in a growth tank a predetermined number of eggs for optimal growth of the larvae by adding removable elements and placing them in said tank.
    Thus, the present invention makes it possible to harvest and place in a growth tank, a substantially known number of eggs, thereby allowing optimization of the growth of the larvae and the consumption of organic waste used for the growth of the larvae.
    In one embodiment, said predefined flying insect is a diptera, preferably a Hermetia Illucens diptera.
    In one embodiment, the volume of said at least one well is between 20 mm 3 and 200 mm 3 , preferably between 45 mm 3 and 150 mm 3 .
    In one embodiment, the laying plate comprises, connecting seals at the junction between two removable elements.
    These joints advantageously make it possible to fill the spaces between two assembled removable elements. Indeed, the appearance of a groove or crevice between two removable elements assembled together would encourage insects to lay eggs in this space rather than in the wells. The seal advantageously encourages flying insects to lay eggs in the wells and optimizes the yield of the spawning plate.
    The invention also relates to a nesting box comprising a support and at least one laying plate according to the present invention, said support being capable of receiving the at least one laying plate.
    Advantageously, this nest allows the placement of egg plates.
    In one embodiment, said nesting box comprises at least one compartment comprising a reservoir arranged to receive an attractive odorous substance from said flying insects; said compartment and said support being connected to each other by a gas permeable wall.
    Advantageously, this nesting box comprising a reservoir makes it possible to attract the flying insects towards the laying plate while blocking access to the tank to encourage the flying insects to lay on the laying plate.
    According to another aspect, the invention also relates to a greenhouse for the reproduction of flying insects comprising walls defining a closed volume, comprising at least one laying plate or at least one nesting box according to the present invention, in which one of the walls of said greenhouse optionally comprises an opening so as to access at least one nesting box or at least one laying plate.
    Advantageously, such a greenhouse thus makes it possible to recover the egg-laying plate without entering the greenhouse.
    In one embodiment, the greenhouse comprises an insertion device for the insertion of flying insects into the enclosed volume of the greenhouse by an entrance to the greenhouse; said insertion device comprising an entrance and a first closure system comprising a movable access hatch between a closed position in which said access hatch covers the entrance to the greenhouse; and an open position allowing the passage of flying insects through said entrance.
    This insertion device advantageously seals the greenhouse to prevent the escape of flying insects from the greenhouse during the insertion of flying insects into the greenhouse.
    DEFINITIONS
    In the present invention, the terms below are defined as follows:
    "Plate" relates to an object comprising at least one flat surface.
    "Well" relates to a physical cavity vertical or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the spawning plate.
    "Laying" refers to all the eggs from a single laying of a flying insect.
    "Element" relates to a part of an object obtained by division.
    "Removable" relates to the property to be removed or hung up reversibly.
    “Laying house” concerns a space configured to accommodate at least one egg laying.
    "Reservoir" relates to any receptacle used to store a solid or liquid odorous substance.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    The present invention relates to a egg-laying plate 1 making it possible to recover a controlled number of egg-laying eggs of a flying insect and to place these eggs in an organic waste bin without the egg handling step. The spawning plate 1 according to the present invention is used in a space for reproduction of flying insects, recovered and then placed directly in an organic waste bin.
    The laying plate 1 according to the present invention illustrated in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 comprises at least one well 2. The well 2 of this laying plate 1 has a volume which is configured to receive a laying of a flying insect. In one embodiment, "a laying of a flying insect" should be understood as "a laying of a predefined flying insect".
    In one embodiment, the well 2 is dimensioned to receive a single spawning. In one embodiment, the decking plate 1 is made of plastic material or of metallic material. The spawning plate 1 comprising the well 2 can be produced by molding, 3D printing, drilling, laser cutting or any means known to those skilled in the art.
    The well 2, illustrated in FIG. 1, is a vertical cavity dug in the laying plate 1. In one embodiment, the well 2 comprises an opening 25, a bottom 23 and substantially vertical walls 24. In one embodiment, the volume of this well 2 is calculated so that one spawning of a flying insect fills well 2 enough to deter another flying insect from laying eggs in the same well 2. Since a spawning of an insect Flywheel includes a substantially constant number of eggs on a species, if a well 2 is filled, we are able to know the approximate number of eggs present in this well 2.
    Flying insects lay eggs naturally in small free cavities. Thus, if the well 2 is small enough to attract the insect to lay, and large enough to accommodate all the eggs of the laying of the flying insect, the flying insects of the breeding greenhouse will naturally come to lay the inside this well 2. However, if the cavity is too large, a second insect could come to make a second spawning in this well 2, which would make it impossible to count the number of spawns per spawning plate 1. The spawning plate 1 according to the present invention therefore comprises at least one well 2 whose volume is configured to receive a single spawn of the flying insects present in the greenhouse.
    The volume of well 2 is between 80% and 500% of the volume of an egg-laying of said insect. In one embodiment, the volume of well 2 is between 85% and
    450%, between 90% and 400%, between 90% and 350%, between 90% and 300%, between 100% and
    250%, between 150% and 400%, or between 200% and 350% of the volume of an egg-laying egg.
    In one embodiment, the volume of well 2 is between 110% and 400% of the volume of an egg-laying of a flying insect. The advantage is to guarantee that the eggs from a laying will not protrude from the well, always with the aim of minimizing losses due to the handling of the devices.
    In one embodiment, the volume of an egg-laying is calculated by counting the number of eggs and multiplying it by the average volume of an egg of this species of flying insect. In one embodiment, the volume of an egg-laying is determined by immersing the egg-laying in a predetermined volume of liquid and measuring the volume of the liquid and the egg-laying after immersion.
    By the volume of an egg-laying is meant the statistical volume of an egg-laying or the average or median volume of an egg-laying from a sufficiently large population of eggs from the same species.
    In one embodiment, the term "volume of an egg" means 5 to 35% of the volume of the selected flying insect, preferably 10% of the volume of the selected flying insect.
    The spawning plate 1 according to the present invention can therefore be adapted as a function of the insect for which it is intended by modifying the dimensions of the well 2.
    In one embodiment, the flying insect in question is a pterygous insect. In one embodiment, the flying insect in question is an insect belonging to the infraclass of neoptera or to the super-order of endopterygota or exopterygota. In one embodiment, the flying insect in question belongs to one of the following orders: Blattodea, Dermaptera, Embioptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Mantodea, Odonata, Orthoptera, Phasmatodea, Phthiraptera, Plecoptera, Psocoptera, Thysanoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepid , Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Orthoptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera, or Siphonaptera.
    In a preferred embodiment, the flying insect belongs to the order Dipteria.
    Most preferably, the flying insect is a "Hermetia Illucens" fly, also called a "Black Soldier Fly".
    In the case of the Hermetia Illucens fly, the laying varies between 750 and 1500 eggs per laying. The average spawning volume of a Hermetia Illucens fly is 22.4 mm 3 .
    In one embodiment, the volume of said well 2 is particularly suitable for the Hermetia Illucens fly and / or is between 18 mm 3 and 110 mm 3 , between 19 mm 3 and 100 mm 3 , between 20 mm 3 and 90 mm 3 , between 20 mm 3 and 80 mm 3 , between 20 mm 3 and 70 mm 3 or between 50 mm 3 and 75 mm 3 .
    In one embodiment, the volume of said well 2 is between 60 mm 3 and 70 mm 3 .
    In one embodiment, the depth of the well 2 is between 4 mm and 6 mm. In one embodiment, the diameter of the well 2 is between 3 mm and 5 mm. In one embodiment, the bottom of the well has a substantially hemispherical shape.
    Those skilled in the art of entomology will easily be able, from this list of flying insects, to find the average egg laying volumes for each order of flying insect, and thereby deduce the dimensions of the well 2 in order to manufacture a laying plate 1 according to the present invention depending on the type of farming.
    In one embodiment, the opening 25 of the well 2 is small enough to attract the flying insects. In one embodiment, the opening 25 of the well 2 has a substantially circular shape and its diameter is of the order of a millimeter. In one embodiment, the opening 25 of the well 2 has a surface of between 3 mm 2 and 40 mm 2 , between 5 mm 2 and 30 mm 2 or between 8 mm 2 and 20 mm 2 . The opening surface of well 2 is defined by the section of this well at its opening.
    In one embodiment, the ratio between the area of the opening 25 of the well 2 and the total area of the well 2 is between 3% and 30%, preferably between 5% and 25% of the total area of the well 2, very preferably between 10% and 20%. By total surface is meant the contact surface between the well 2 and the interior of the spawning plate 1 (comprising the bottom and the walls of the well 2 along the vertical cavity). The total surface consists of the surface of the bottom 23, plus the surface of the substantially vertical walls 24.
    The spawning plate 1 can include one well, two wells, three wells, four wells, five wells, six wells, seven wells, eight wells, nine wells, ten wells or more than ten wells.
    In one embodiment, the spawn plate comprises between 1 and 100 wells or between and 50 wells. In an embodiment where the spawning plate 1 comprises a plurality of wells 2, each well 2 is spaced at least 1 mm from the at least one nearest well 2. In one embodiment, the laying plate 1 comprises a laying surface comprising the two or the plurality of wells 2.
    The laying surface of the laying plate 1 can have a triangular, square, hexagonal shape, with rounded or non-rounded angles, a circular shape, or any shape.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the laying surface of the laying plate 1 has the shape of a triangle or of a triangle having rounded angles.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the laying surface of the laying plate 1 has a substantially rectangular shape.
    In the embodiment where the laying plate 1 comprises a plurality of wells 2, it is conceivable that the flying insects will not fill all the wells 2 of the laying plate 1 or that the laying plate 1 will be removed from the greenhouse before the flying insects have laid eggs in all the wells 2. As illustrated in FIG. 4, some wells 2 may remain empty (21) while others will be filled with an egg (22). In one embodiment, the color of the laying plate 1 is different from the color of the eggs so as to quickly identify by eye or by an optical device whether the well is filled (22) or empty (21). Counting the number of wells comprising a spawn 22 per spawn plate 1 is therefore very fast and reliable. Thus, the amount of organic waste necessary for the growth of larvae resulting from egg hatching is easy to define.
    The eggs laid by the Hermetia Illucens insect are white or very light. In one embodiment, the color of the plate is dark or black. The advantage of the dark color is that it allows a user or an optical device to visualize or detect, by contrast, whether a well has been filled with an egg or not.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the decking plate 1 comprises at least two removable elements 3 each comprising at least one well 2, preferably between 1 and 20 wells or between 2 and 15 wells, more preferably between 3 and 12 wells. Each removable element may include one well, two wells, three wells, four wells, five wells, six wells, seven wells, eight wells, nine wells, ten wells or more than ten wells.
    These removable elements 3 can detach and reattach one another in a reversible manner. In one embodiment, these removable elements 3 are attached to each other by any reversible attachment means such as for example female means and male means configured to cooperate with each other.
    In one embodiment, the decking plate 1 can be split into several removable elements 3 each comprising at least one well 2.
    In an embodiment not shown, the decking plate 1 comprises seals or connecting seals between each removable element 3. In one embodiment, the decking plate 1 comprises joints at the junction between two removable elements 3. In one embodiment, the laying plate 1 comprises seals at the junction between a removable element 3 and the support of the laying plate 1. In one embodiment, the seals are arranged on the laying surface.
    These joints advantageously make it possible to fill the spaces between two removable elements 3 assembled. Indeed, the appearance of a groove or crevice between two removable elements 3 assembled together would encourage insects to lay eggs in this space rather than in the wells. The joint advantageously makes it possible to create a connection volume between two removable elements 3 or between a removable element 3 and its support. The seal advantageously makes it possible to encourage the flying insects to lay eggs in the wells 2 and makes it possible to optimize the yield of the laying plate 1.
    In this embodiment, the removable elements 3 containing wells 2 filled are placed in trays comprising organic waste in an amount corresponding to the number of wells filled. If the quantity of organic waste in a tank is configured for the growth of a number of egg laying N, it suffices to place a certain number of removable elements 3 in this tank so that the sum of the wells comprising an egg laying 22 removable elements 3 is equal to N. It is thus possible to introduce an almost constant number of spawns in the organic waste / larvae growth tanks. According to this embodiment, the spawn plate can comprise 2 removable elements, 3 removable elements, 4 removable elements, 5 removable elements, removable elements, 7 removable elements, 8 removable elements, 9 removable elements, 10 removable elements, 11 removable elements , 12 removable elements, removable elements, 14 removable elements, 15 removable elements, 16 removable elements, 17 removable elements, 18 removable elements, 19 removable elements, removable elements, or more than 20 removable elements.
    In one embodiment, the decking plate 1 comprises a support allowing the placement of the removable elements 3.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, the support is a frame 50 and the dimensions of the decking plate 1 or of the removable element 3 are similar to the dimensions between two frames or between two arms of a frame 50. In a embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6, the decking plate 1 can be considered as the assembly comprising a frame 50 and at least two removable elements 3 configured to be inserted in the frame 50. These removable elements 3 can be inserted and removed from the frame 50 reversibly. In one embodiment, these removable elements 3 are inserted into the frame 50 by any reversible attachment or insertion means such as for example female means and male means configured to cooperate with each other.
    In one embodiment, the at least two removable elements 3 comprise connecting joints at the junction between a removable element 3 and the frame 50.
    According to a second aspect, the invention also relates to a nest 4 for flying insects. Said nest 4 includes at least one laying plate 1 according to the present invention and at least one support 5 adapted to receive the at least one laying plate 1. Thus, the nest 4 according to the present invention allows the separation of the laying plate 1 of the support 5 in order to place the egg-laying plate or a removable element in the larva growth tank.
    Most flying insects, and in particular Hermetia Illucens flies, lay eggs naturally away from light and are attracted to an ideal environment for the growth of future larvae: in the shade and near an odor or the presence of decomposing matter. In an alternative embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7A, the support 5 defines a space comprising at least one access slot 8. The support being able to receive the laying plate 1, said laying plate 1 thus remains in the dark and accessible to flying insects. For the sake of clarity, the spawning plate 1 is not shown in FIG. 7A. The at least one access slot 8 allows the passage of flying insects in the nesting box.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7B, the access slots 8 comprise flaps 81. These flaps 81 make it possible to limit the brightness inside the nest 4, thus favoring the preference of flying insects for laying eggs inside. said nest
    4.
    In one embodiment, the flaps 81 are movable and allow the access slots 8 to be closed. These flaps thus make it possible to temporarily isolate the interior of the nest 4 from the volume of the greenhouse. In one embodiment, the flaps 81 are fixed to the nest 4 by a pivot link. In one embodiment, the pivot link allows movement of the flaps 81 in a position where the flaps 81 close the at least one access slot 8.
    In order to more effectively attract flying insects to lay in the nesting box, said nesting box may include a tank 6. This tank 6 is intended to be filled with decomposing organic matter to attract insects nearby or in the nesting box . In one embodiment, this tank 6 is not accessible to flying insects in order to prevent the flying insects from laying eggs in the tank 6.
    In one embodiment, the nest 4 includes a compartment 60 inaccessible to flying insects, said tank 6 is capable of containing an odorous substance attractive to said flying insects and the tank 6 is intended to be placed inside said compartment. The odoriferous substance can be an organic waste or an odorous solution reproducing the odor of an organic waste. In one embodiment, the nest 4 includes a reclosable opening to access said compartment 60. The reservoir 6 can thus be changed or recharged regularly independently. In one embodiment, the reservoir 6 is a bowl-type container.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7C, said compartment 60 is adjacent to said support 5. In one embodiment, said compartment 60 and said support 5 are connected by a wall 61 permeable to gases. In one embodiment, the gas permeable wall 61 does not allow the passage of flying insects or larvae. In one embodiment, the gas permeable wall is a wall comprising holes or bores whose diameter is less than the size of a larva or the size of an egg. In one embodiment, the length or diameter of the holes in the gas-permeable wall 61 is less than 2 mm. In one embodiment, the wall 61 comprises a grid whose openings are less than 2 mm.
    In one embodiment, the nest 4 includes a first compartment comprising at least one support 5 and at least one spawning plate according to the present invention and a second compartment 60 arranged to receive a tank 6. In one embodiment, the first compartment and the second compartment are adjacent and connected by a wall 61 permeable to gases.
    According to a third aspect, illustrated in FIG. 8, the invention also relates to a breeding greenhouse 7 for flying insects 9. The breeding greenhouse is intended to receive only one species of flying insect at a time.
    This reproduction greenhouse 7 comprises walls defining a closed volume. In one embodiment, said reproduction greenhouse 7 comprises at least one laying plate 1 according to the present invention or at least one nest 4 comprising at least one laying plate 1 according to the present invention and at least one support 5. In a for clarity, the spawn plate 1 is not shown in FIG. 8.
    In one embodiment, the reproduction greenhouse 7 comprises a spawning chamber. The laying chamber comprises at least one nest 4 according to the present invention or at least one laying plate 1 according to the present invention. The egg-laying chamber is an enclosed space comprising one or more openings. Said enclosed space is protected from light by the walls of the laying chamber which allow the creation of a shaded area or a very dimly lit area or the creation of a dimly lit area than the rest of the breeding greenhouse 7 where the laying plate 1 will be deposited. This low light makes it possible to attract flying insects and particularly the diptera, more particularly the Hermetia Illucens diptera. The egg-laying chamber includes an opening to allow flying insects to access the at least one egg-laying plate 1. In one embodiment, this opening is closable.
    In one embodiment, the egg-laying chamber comprises a compartment 60 defining an odorous zone inaccessible to flying insects.
    In one embodiment, the laying chamber is fixed to one of the walls of the breeding greenhouse. In one embodiment, the laying chamber comprises at least one reclosable opening towards the interior of the greenhouse to allow the flying insects to access the at least one laying plate 1 from the breeding greenhouse 7.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, the greenhouse 7 comprises an aeration system making it possible to promote the distribution of air comprising odorous species derived from the odorous substance. This aeration system advantageously allows the flying insects to be guided from the breeding greenhouse 7 to the nest 4.
    In one embodiment, this ventilation system comprises a first permeable wall 61 between the compartment 60 comprising the tank 6 and the nest 4 or the compartment comprising the nest 4.
    In one embodiment, the ventilation system also includes a second gas-permeable wall 77 between the compartment 60 comprising the reservoir 6 and the exterior of the breeding greenhouse 7.
    In one embodiment, the ventilation system also comprises a third permeable wall 78 between the reproduction greenhouse 7 and the exterior of said greenhouse 7. In one embodiment, an air extractor or a suction air pump is connected to the third wall 78.
    In this way, the suction through the third wall 78 allows air to enter from the outside to the compartment 60 comprising the reservoir 6. When the reservoir comprises an odorous substance, this odorous substance degasses odorous molecules which, mixed with air, pass through the wall 61 and then through the access slots 8 to reach the volume of the breeding greenhouse 7.
    In one embodiment, the second gas permeable wall 77 and / or the third permeable wall 78 are similar to the first permeable wall 61.
    Advantageously, the aeration system makes it possible to attract the flying insects towards the nest 4 in order to optimize the yield of the greenhouse 7.
    In one embodiment, the laying chamber comprises at least one reclosable opening towards the outside of the breeding greenhouse 7. This reclosable opening allows an operator to recover the laying plate 1 without entering the inside of the greenhouse reproduction 7. In one embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 9, the laying chamber 71 comprises as many reclosable openings 72 towards the outside of the reproduction greenhouse 7 as there are nesting plates 1. In one embodiment, the breeding greenhouse 7 comprises an inclined floor 73 and a container for recovering the corpses of flying insects 74.
    In one embodiment, one of these reclosable openings 72 provides access to the compartment of the nest 4 to access or recharge the tank 6. In one embodiment, the compartment is accessible from outside the greenhouse only by an opening resealable 72.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11A, these reclosable openings 72 have an opening section substantially similar to the section of the laying plate 1. In this way, during the introduction of the laying plate 1 through said openings 72 , said spawning plate 1 advantageously prevents flying insects from leaving the greenhouse 7 through the reclosable openings 72.
    In one embodiment, the reclosable opening 72 comprises a flap 721. In one embodiment, the reclosable opening 72 comprises, on the external surface 75 of the greenhouse 7 a flap 721. This flap 721 allows the closure of the reclosable opening 72. In one embodiment, the reclosable flap 721 is a valve. In one embodiment, the flap 721 comprises an element making it possible to maintain the flap 721 in the closed position. In one embodiment, this element making it possible to maintain the flap 721 in the closed position is a torsion spring.
    This element advantageously allows the automatic closing of the opening 72 by the valve when the laying plate 1 is inserted or removed, thus preventing any flight of a flying insect by said opening 72 during the handling of the laying plate 1.
    In one embodiment, the reclosable opening 72 comprises a cleaning element 722 for the laying plate 1. In one embodiment, the reclosable opening 72 comprises, on the interior surface 76 of the greenhouse 7, a cleaning 722 of the laying plate 1. In one embodiment, the cleaning element 722 is a seal, a broom or a brush. This cleaning element 722 advantageously makes it possible, as illustrated in FIG. 11B, during the extraction of the egg-laying plate 1 from the greenhouse 7, to eliminate any object situated on the egg-laying plate 1 such as eggs, larvae or insect corpses. This cleaning element 722 thus makes it possible to reduce the steps and the time spent by the operator in removing the decking plates 1 and in placing the removable elements in organic waste tanks.
    INTRODUCTION DEVICE
    In one embodiment, the breeding greenhouse 7 comprises an introduction device 700. The introduction device 700 allows the introduction of adult flying insects into the breeding greenhouse 7.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12A, said introduction device 700 comprises a container or a container 704 comprising an outlet 708; and a breeding greenhouse 7 comprising an inlet 701. In one embodiment, said outlet 708 and said inlet 701 cooperate so as to allow the movement of the flying insects from the container or the tray to greenhouse 7 by the outlet 708 of the tray 704 or of the container and through the inlet 701 of the greenhouse 7. In one embodiment, said injection device 700 also comprises a first closure system ensuring the opening and closing of the inlet 701 of the greenhouse 7. In one embodiment, said first system ensures the closure of the inlet 701 during the cooperation between the outlet 708 of the tank and the inlet 701 of the greenhouse. In one embodiment, said introduction device 700 also comprises a second closing system ensuring the opening of the outlet 708 of the tank 704 during the cooperation between the outlet 708 of the tank 704 and the inlet 701 of the greenhouse 7.
    FIRST CLOSING SYSTEM
    In one embodiment, the first closure system comprises an access hatch 703. In one embodiment, said access hatch 703 is removable between an open position (shown in FIG. 12B or FIG. 12E) and a position closure (shown in Figure 12C or Figure 12F).
    In one embodiment, said access hatch 703 in the closed position, completely covers said inlet 701. In one embodiment, the first closure system comprises articulated parts allowing the movement of said access hatch 703 between a closed position and an open position. In one embodiment, the first closure system comprises a torsion spring arranged so as to cause the hatch to return to the closed position. In one embodiment, said articulated parts are arranged so as to cause the access door 703 to move to the open position during the cooperation between the inlet 701 of the greenhouse 7 and the outlet 708 of the tank 704.
    In one embodiment, the first closure system comprises means making it possible to open or close the access hatch 703. Here, it is understood that "closing the hatch" means that the access hatch 703 covers the whole from the greenhouse entrance
    701 thus preventing the passage of flying insects through said entry 701.
    In one embodiment, said access door 703 is a retractable head.
    In one embodiment, the access door 703 comprises a surface designed to completely cover said entry 701. In one embodiment, the access door 703 is free according to at least one degree of freedom between two positions: a first open position (Figure 12C) and a second closed position (Figure 12B). In the second closed position, the access hatch 703 closes the entrance to the wall of the greenhouse (FIG. 12B). In one embodiment, this closure is a sealed closure or a closure preventing the passage of flying insects.
    In one embodiment, the introduction device 700 further comprises a rod
    702 supporting the access hatch 703.
    In one embodiment, the inlet 701 is designed to cooperate with an outlet from a bin cover 705. In one embodiment, cooperation with a bin opening 704 triggers the movement of the access hatch 703.
    SECOND CLOSURE SYSTEM
    In one embodiment, the introduction device 700 comprises a container outside the greenhouse (called a container in the following description). This container 704 includes an outlet 708 through which flying insects present in said container 704 can escape. In one embodiment, said container 704 comprises a second closure system.
    FIG. 12A represents a container 704 comprising a container cover 705. This container cover 705 covers the container 704 in a sealed manner. Thus, no insect can escape from said tank 704 except by leaving the tank 708.
    In one embodiment, the tank cover 705 comprises an outlet 708 arranged to cooperate with the inlet 701 of the greenhouse 7.
    In one embodiment, the second closure system comprises a closure valve 706. In one embodiment, the second closure system further comprises a member for holding said valve 706 in the closed position. In one embodiment, this holding element is a torsion spring. Thus, the closing valve 706 advantageously covers, in its rest position, the outlet 708 of the tank 704. After the opening of the valve by the application of force, the valve automatically closes the outlet 708.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12B and 12C, during the insertion of the outlet from the container 708 into the entrance to the greenhouse 701, said outlet 708 and said inlet 701 cooperate to open the closing valve 706. In a mode of embodiment, during the insertion of the outlet of the container 708 into the inlet of the greenhouse 701, said outlet 708 and said inlet 701 cooperate to move the retractable head 703 in the open position
    In one embodiment, the tank cover 705 and / or the outlet 708 comprise at least one protrusion cooperating respectively with the inlet 701 and / or the wall of the greenhouse 7 comprising said inlet 701. These protrusions allow the opening of the retractable head 703 and / or of the closing valve 706 during the insertion of the outlet 708 of the container 704 into the inlet of the greenhouse 701.
    In order to introduce flying insects into the enclosed volume of the breeding greenhouse 7, the tank 704 includes larvae or pupae of flying insects. The container 704 is inserted against the wall of the greenhouse 7 so as to make the inlet 701 of the greenhouse 7 and the outlet 708 of the container 704 cooperate. In one embodiment, this insertion causes the valve 706 of the cover to open. and / or the access hatch. The insects can thus penetrate one after the other into the closed volume of the greenhouse 7 as they pass into the adult stage.
    This device advantageously makes it possible to supply the greenhouse 7 with young flying insects without external intervention and without leakage of the flying insects from the tray 704 / greenhouse 7 assembly.
    In one embodiment, the access door is designed to be moved automatically to the first open position when a bin outlet 708 cooperates with the inlet 701. In one embodiment, the access door is also designed to be automatically moved to the second closed position when the outlet
    Bin 708 is removed from entry 701.
    This device advantageously seals the greenhouse 7 to prevent the escape of flying insects from the greenhouse 7 or from the container 704 during the insertion of flying insects into the greenhouse 7.
    In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12D, the greenhouse 7 comprises a receptacle 707 intended to receive a container 704 comprising a second closure system as described above. As illustrated in FIG. 12E, the container 704 is inserted into the receptacle 707. As illustrated in FIG. 12F, the receptacle 707 can be moved so as to make the outlet 708 of the cover cooperate with the inlet 701 of the greenhouse. In one embodiment, this cooperation causes the access hatch 703 to move to the open position.
    In one embodiment, when the receptacle 707 is raised, the closing valve 706 of the cover comes into contact with the rod 702 and causes the access hatch 703 to move to an open position. In one embodiment, once the open position has been reached, the access door 703 reaches a stop. The movement of the receptacle thus allows the rod 702 to open the closing valve 706 of the container 704.
    Thus, the insertion of the tray 704 allows the automatic and semi-simultaneous opening of the valve 706 and the access hatch 703. In one embodiment, the cooperation of the outlet 708 of the tray 704 in the inlet 701 of greenhouse 7 activates the two closure systems. In one embodiment, the cooperation of the outlet 708 from the tank 704 in the inlet 701 of the greenhouse 7 activates the automatic opening of the outlet 708 and of the inlet 701. In one embodiment, the activation of the closing systems is mechanical. In one embodiment, the activation of the closure systems is electrical.
    In one embodiment, the introduction device 700 is advantageously designed to prevent the flying insects located in the greenhouse 7 from returning to the tank 704 while the access hatch 703 is in the open position.
    In one embodiment, the entry 701 is small enough to discourage and / or prevent the flying insects located in the breeding greenhouse 7 from entering the tank 704 for laying eggs. In an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12A, the rod 702 is a hollow cylinder comprising slots. The slots allow the passage of insects from the tank 704 to the closed volume of the greenhouse 7. In one embodiment, the walls of the tank and the cover of the tank 705 are opaque or dark and the closed volume of the greenhouse is illuminated. Thus, the flying insects present in the container 704 will be attracted by the light and pass from the container 704 to the greenhouse 7.
    In one embodiment, the first closure system comprises at least one light intended to guide the insects from the container 704 to the entrance 701 of the greenhouse 7. In one embodiment, the first closure system comprises a means of lighting control. In one embodiment, the lighting is on when the entrance to the greenhouse 701 cooperates with an exit 708 from a container 704. The introduction device 700 thus advantageously makes it possible to guarantee the transfer of a maximum of insects flying in the greenhouse. In one embodiment, the lighting includes at least one light emitting diode.
    In one embodiment, the hollow cylinder is designed to cooperate with the inlet 701. In this way, the hollow cylinder allows the passage of flying insects from the tank 704, through the hollow center of the cylinder and then through the slots in the rod 702 to reach the greenhouse 7. The return of flying insects through the cracks is thus statistically very rare.
    This introduction device 700, therefore makes it possible to introduce flying insects into the breeding greenhouse 7 by means of a container or a tray without reducing the production of eggs laid in the wells 2 of the laying plate. 1.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 is a sectional view of a spawning plate 1 comprising a well 2 according to an embodiment of the invention. Said well 2 is defined by a bottom 23, an opening 25, and substantially vertical walls 24 connecting the bottom 23 of the well 2 to the opening 25 of the well 2.
    Figure 2 is a diagram of a spawning plate 1 according to another embodiment of the invention in which the spawning plate 1 has a spawning surface of triangular shape comprising 5 wells 2.
    Figure 3 is a perspective view of a spawning plate 1 comprising a plurality of wells 2 according to an embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 4 is a diagram of the spawning plate 1 according to Figure 3 in which some wells 2 have been filled with spawns of flying insects (22) and others not (21).
    Figure 5 is a perspective view of a spawn plate 1 comprising a plurality of wells 2 and at least two removable elements 3.
    Figure 6 is a photograph of a deck plate 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprising removable elements 3, each comprising 5 wells 2 and the deck plate 1 further comprises a support 50 configured to receive the removable elements 3.
    Figure 7A is a diagram of a nesting box 4 comprising a support 5, a tank 6 and access slots 8 for flying insects. For the sake of clarity, the spawning plates 1 are deliberately not shown.
    Figure 7B is a diagram of a nest box 4 seen from the outside comprising access slots 8 as well as flaps 81.
    Figure 7C is a diagram of a nesting box 4 comprising a compartment comprising a tank 6 and a wall 61 permeable to gases.
    Figure 8 is a diagram of a breeding greenhouse 7 for flying insects 9 comprising a nest 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figure 9 is a diagram of a greenhouse 7 comprising a spawning chamber 71 comprising reclosable openings 72 to the outside of the greenhouse 7. The greenhouse 7 further comprises an inclined floor 73 and a container 74 for collecting corpses of insects flying.
    Figure 10 is a diagram of a greenhouse 7 comprising a second 77 and third 78 gas permeable walls so as to form an aeration system.
    Figures 11A and 11B are diagrams of a reclosable opening 72 of a spawning chamber comprising a flap 721 and a cleaning element 722.
    FIG. 12A is a diagram of a reproduction greenhouse 7 comprising an introduction device 700 and a container 704 capable of cooperating with said introduction device 700.
    Figure 12B is a diagram showing the access door 703 in the closed position.
    Figure 12C is a diagram showing the access hatch 703 in the open position.
    Figure 12D, 12E and 12F are diagrams showing the insertion of a container 704 into the receptacle 707 of the greenhouse 7 (Figure 12D and 12E) and the movement of the access hatch 703 in the open position (Figure 12F).
    REFERENCES
    - Laying plate
    - Well
    - Empty well
    - Well with egg-laying of a flying insect
    - Bottom of the well
    - Well wall
    - Well opening
    - Element of a spawning plate
    - Pond
    - Support
    - Frame
    - Tank
    - Compartment
    - First permeable wall
    - Breeding greenhouse
    - Laying room
    - Reclosable openings
    - Inclined floor
    - Corpse recovery bin
    75 - External surface of the greenhouse
    - Interior surface of the greenhouse
    - Second permeable wall
    - Third permeable wall 700 - Introducer
    701 - Entrance to the greenhouse
    702 - Rod
    703 - Access hatch
    704 - Bac
    705 - Bin cover
    706 - Bin valve
    707 - Receptacle
    708 - Exit
    - Access slot
    - Access slot shutters
    9 - Flying insect
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Laying plate (1) for a predefined flying insect comprising at least two removable elements (3) each comprising at least one well (2) whose volume is configured to receive a laying of said flying insect; said volume being between 80% and 500% of the volume of a spawn of said predefined flying insect.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. egg-laying plate (1) according to claim 1, in which said predefined flying insect is a dipteran, preferably a diptera Hermetia Illucens.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Laying plate (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the volume of said at least one well (2) is between 20 mm 3 and 200 mm 3 , preferably between 45 mm 3 and 150 mm 3 .
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Laying plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the at least one well (2) has an opening surface representing between 3% and 30%, preferably between 5% and 25% of the total area of the at least one well.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Laying plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising connecting joints at the junction between two removable elements (3).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Nesting box (4) comprising a support (5) and at least one laying plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the support (5) is capable of receiving the at least one plate of laying (1).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Laying box (4) according to claim 6, comprising at least one compartment (60) comprising a reservoir (6) arranged to receive an odorous substance attractive to said flying insects; said compartment (60) and said support (5) being connected to each other by a wall (61) permeable to gases.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Reproduction greenhouse (7) of flying insects comprising walls defining a closed volume, comprising at least one laying plate (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or at least a nesting box (4) according to the 'any one of claims 6 to 7, and one of the walls of said greenhouse optionally comprises an opening so as to access at least one nesting box or at least one laying plate.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Greenhouse for reproduction (7) of flying insects according to claim 8, comprising an introduction device (700) for the insertion of flying insects into the enclosed volume of the greenhouse (7) by an entry (701) greenhouse (7); said insertion device (700) comprising a first closure system comprising an access hatch (703) movable between a closed position in which said access hatch (703) covers the entrance (701) of the greenhouse ( 7); and an open position authorizing the passage of flying insects through said entrance (701).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3066359A1|2018-11-23|
    FR3066360B1|2019-07-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20110174222A1|2008-07-01|2011-07-21|Sang Hoon Lee|Method for rearing soldier flies|
    WO2015023178A1|2013-08-13|2015-02-19|Protix Biosystems B.V.|Cage for breeding insects, rack, system and method|
    CN205213898U|2015-11-05|2016-05-11|山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所|Device of laying eggs of moire ladybug|
    CN205455452U|2016-04-08|2016-08-17|黔南民族医学高等专科学校|Housefly is bred and hatches device|CN109662063A|2018-12-18|2019-04-23|河南农业大学|A kind of quick screening lepidopterous insects oviposition is lured or the oviposition cage and its application method of repellent activity substance|
    FR3103082A1|2019-11-19|2021-05-21|Nextalim|FLY LAYING DEVICE|
    FR3103081A1|2019-11-19|2021-05-21|Nextalim|FLY LAYING DEVICE|DE9420598U1|1994-12-23|1995-03-30|Schwenk Ruediger|Breeding and shipping system for lacewings larvae|
    法律状态:
    2018-11-23| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20181123 |
    2019-12-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-12-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1754316|2017-05-16|
    FR1754316A|FR3066359A1|2017-05-16|2017-05-16|PLATE OF LAYING FOR FLYING INSECTS|
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